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CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Surgery, 13e
Chapter 33. Adrenals
Sections: Adrenals: Introduction, Diseases of the Adrenals, Primary Hyperaldosteronism, Pheochromocytoma, Hypercortisolism (Cushing Disease & Cushing Syndrome), Virilizing Adrenal Tumors, Feminizing Adrenal Tumors, Adrenocortical Carcinoma, Incidentalomas.
Topics Discussed: adrenal.
Excerpt:
"Operations on the adrenal glands are performed for primary hyperaldosteronism,
pheochromocytoma, hypercortisolism (Cushing disease or Cushing syndrome),
and adrenocortical carcinoma. These conditions are usually characterized
by hypersecretion of one or more of the adrenal hormones. Less commonly,
surgery may also be performed for nonfunctioning tumors or metastases.The normal combined weight of the adrenals is 7–12 g.
The right gland lies posterior and lateral to the vena cava and superior
to the kidney (Figure 33–1). The
left gland lies medial to the superior pole of the kidney, just
lateral to the aorta and immediately posterior to the superior border
of the pancreas. An important surgical feature is the remarkable constancy
of the adrenal veins. The right adrenal vein, 2–5 mm long
and several millimeters wide, connects the anterior aspect of the
adrenal gland with the posterolateral aspect of the vena cava. The
left adrenal vein is several centimeters long and travels inferiorly
from the lower pole of the gland, joining the left renal vein after
receiving the inferior phrenic vein...."
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